Fast Tempo Increases Attention: The Effect of Music Tempo on Attention
Abstract
Music is an inseparable part of daily activities, one of which is student activities. Attention is an effort in mental processes to focus and pay attention to a particular object effectively and selectively. This study aims to see how fast and slow music tempos can affect students' attention, especially during this pandemic. This study used a between-subject design with three groups; One control group and two experimental groups. A total of 36 participants are students. The Concentration Grid Test is used as the measuring instrument. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed a value of p = 0.040, p <0.05. The post-hoc analysis results showed that participants who listened to pop instrumental music with a fast tempo had a significantly higher score than those without music (p=0.042, MD=-1.083) and with a slow tempo (p=0.007, MD=1.583). There was no significant difference between no music with a slow tempo (p=0,229, MD=0,500). This result shows that the music tempo is not distracting and can increase students' attention.
Musik menjadi bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari aktivitas sehari-hari, salah satunya dalam kegiatan yang dilakukan mahasiswa. Atensi merupakan usaha dalam proses mental yang dilakukan untuk memfokuskan dan memperhatikan suatu objek tertentu secara efektif dan selektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat bagaimana musik dengan tempo cepat dan lambat mampu memengaruhi atensi mahasiswa, terutama selama masa pandemik. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain between subject dengan tiga kelompok, satu kelompok kontrol dan dua kelompok eksperimen. Partisipan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 36 mahasiswa dan alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Concentration Grid Test. Hasil uji beda pada perhitungan Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan nilai p = 0,040, p < 0,05. Hasil analisis post-hoc menunjukkan bahwa partisipan yang mendengarkan musik pop instrumental dengan tempo cepat memiliki skor yang secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada tanpa musik (p=0,042, MD=-1.083) dan tempo lambat (p=0.007, MD=1,583), tetapi antara tanpa musik dengan tempo lambat tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,229, MD=0,500). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tempo musik tidak menjadi sebuah distraksi, melainkan mampu meningkatkan atensi mahasiswa saat melakukan kegiatan kognitif.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i1.8924
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